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# Device Templates
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**Device Templates** are Cacti objects that allows you to define classes of **Devices** that includes from one to many **Graph Templates**, **Data Queries** and other **Plugin** related object types.
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The purpose of **Device Templates** is to simplify the **Automation** process by pre-defining the **Graphs** that should be created for every **Device** that is added to Cacti. They work in conjunction with **Automation Templates** so that when Cacti discovers a **Network** it knows what **Graphs** to create for each **Device**.
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The **Device Templates** main screen looks like the image below:
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From this page, you can see the title of each **Device Template**, it's ID which is important for the Cacti CLI scripts. You can see if the **Device Template** can be removed, and the number of **Devices** using the **Device Template**. Templates that are used by **Devices** can not be removed and therefore if you attempt to remove one of these Templates, you will receive and error message.
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From the drop down there are three options, they are:
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- Delete - Remove the **Device Template** if it's *Deletable*
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- Duplicate - Make an exact copy of the **Device Template**.
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- Sync Devices - Update all **Devices** using this **Device Template** with the latest definition, adding, but not removing **Graph Templates**, and **Data Queries**.
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When Editing a **Device Template**, you will see the page as displayed below. From this page, you can add and remove **Graph Templates**, **Data Queries**, and other **Plugin** objects. In the image below, you can see that the *Cisco Router* has one **Graph Template** that of *Cisco - CPU Usage* and one **Data Query** that of *SNMP - Interface Statistics*. There are no **Threshold Templates** defined on the system, so there is no way to select one.
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To add a **Graph Template** or **Data Query** to the **Device Template**, simply select it from the drop down, and press the *Add* button. There is no need to *Save* afterwards. To removed one of these items, simply press the x glyph to the right of the desired **Graph Template** or **Data Query**.
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---
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Copyright (c) 2018 Cacti Group
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# Graph Templates
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**Graph Templates** are Cacti objects that allows you to define how RRDtool is to render a Cacti **Graph**. Most RRDtool options are supported including CDEF's and VDEF's, Left and Right Axis, Ticks and Dashes, multiple Auto Scaling, Grid, and Legend Options.
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The purpose of **Graph Templates** is to simplify the **Automation** process by pre-defining the layout of **Graphs** for various metrics that are to be monitored in Cacti. When used in Conjunction with Cacti's **Graph Rules**, you can automatically create just about any **Data Query** based **Graph** during Cacti's **Network Discovery** process.
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The **Graph Templates** main screen looks like the image below:
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From this page, you can see the title of each **Graph Template**, it's ID which is important for the Cacti CLI scripts. You can see if the **Graph Template** can be removed, and the number of **Graphs** using the **Graph Template** as well as the *Size* of the **Graphs** that will be created, the *Image Format*, and *Vertical Label*. Templates that are used by **Devices** can not be removed and therefore if you attempt to remove one of these Templates, you will receive and error message.
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From the drop down there are three options, they are:
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- *Delete* - Remove the **Graph Template** if it's *Deletable*
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- *Duplicate* - Make an exact copy of the **Graph Template**.
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- *Resize* - Make a resize decision that affects both the **Graph Template** and any **Graphs** created using this **Graph Template**.
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- *Sync Graphs* - Update all **Graphs** using this **Graph Template** with the latest definition, adding new *Graph Items* and removing orphaned *Graph Items*.
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When Editing a **Graph Template**, there will be several sections that will require information from the Administrator. Those sections include:
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- *Graph Template Items* - These items paint inside the canvas of the **Graph**
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- *Graph Item Inputs* - This list is created automatically when you add **Data Sources** to a **Graph Template**. However, you can also override certain **Data Template** and **Graph Template** fields by adding specifically named objects to this section as well.
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- *Graph Template* - Allows you to name the **Graph Template**, and whether or not you will allow multiple instances of this **Graph Template** to be used for a **Device**.
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- *Common Options* - Things like Title, Vertical Label, Image Format, Height and Width, Base Value and Slope Mode
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- *Scaling Options* - Which determine if the Graph is auto-scaled and by what means. Determines if the Graph will have fixed upper and lower limits
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- *Grid Options* - Defines how the Graph canvas grid is rendered
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- *Axis Options* - Defines if there should be a right Axis and how it should be formatted
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- *Legend Options* - Defines how the Legends should be formatted
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Each of these sections are displayed below for reference. For more information on how to use these options, please visit the [RRDtool Website](http://rrdtool.org).
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The *Graph Items* make up what is draw within the canvas of the Graph. There are several *Graph Item* types including:
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- *AREA* - Place an *Area Fill* on the canvas
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- *AREA:STACK* - The second item of an *Area Fill* to be stacked upon the first
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- *COMMENT* - A written comment. Can include: |host_*|, |query_*|, |input_*| *Replacement Variables*
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- *GPRINT* - Print a numeric value from the RRDfile with an optional **CDEF** or **VDEF** and formatted using a **GPRINT Preset**.
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- *GPRINT:AVERAGE* - Print a numeric value from the RRDfile from the *AVERAGE* *Consolidation Function* within the RRA, modified by an optional **CDEF**, or **VDEF**, and formtted using a **GPRINT Preset**.
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- *GPRINT:LAST* - Print a numeric value from the RRDfile from the *LAST* *Consolidation Function* within the RRA, modified by an optional **CDEF**, or **VDEF**, and formatted using a **GPRINT Preset**.
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- *GPRINT:MAX* - Print a numeric value from the RRDfile from the *MAX* *Consolidation Function* within the RRA, modified by an optional **CDEF**, or **VDEF**, and formatted using a **GPRINT Preset**.
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- *GPRINT:MIN* - Print a numeric value from the RRDfile from the *MIN* *Consolidation Function* within the RRA, modified by an optional **CDEF**, or **VDEF**, and formatted using a **GPRINT Preset**.
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- *HRULE* - Draw an *Horizontal Rule* at the given point on the canvas. You can NOT use any Data Source element or an optional **CDEF** or **VDEF**, but may be able to use either a |query_*|, or |input_*| *Replacement Variable*.
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- *LEGEND* - Draw a *Legend* from three *GPRINTS* using the same **GPRINT Preset**, and **VDEF** or **CDEF**. The *Current*, *Average*, and *Max* *Consolidation Functions* are used.
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- *LEGEND_CAMM* - Draw a *Legend* from four *GPRINTS* using the same **GPRINT_Preset**, and **VDEF** or **CDEF**. The *Current*, *Average*, "Min*, and "Max" functions are used for this *Legend*.
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- *LINE[1|2|3]* - Draw a 1, 2, 3 or used defined thickness pixel *Line* from the RRDfile onto the canvas, modified by an optional **CDEF**, or **VDEF**.
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- *LINE:STACK* - Stack a Line of a user defined thickness on top of another *Line*, modified by an optional **CDEF**, or **VDEF**.
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- *TEXTALIGN* - Modify future text using the alignment provided.
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- *VRULE* - Place a *Vertical Rule* on the canvas of a specific color and time position.
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The canvas is painted from the first *Graph Item* till the last with each successive *Graph Item* rendered on top of the previous. Please keep this in mind when creating a **Graph Template**.
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Under the *Common Options*, you will create a template for the *Graph Name*, assign it's *Veritcal Label*, specify the *Width* and *Height*, and *Image Format* for the resulting **Graph**. The *Base Value* is important as some units of measure can be for example: MB (for Mega Bytes - 1024) and MiB (for Mega integer Bytes - 1000). Lastly, the *Slope Mode* gives the resulting **Graphs** a smoother look.
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The *Scaling Options* allow the Administrator to apply either *Rigid* or *Auto Scaling* settings to the resulting *Graph*. These options are fairly self explanatory. However, you can always view the RRDtool Documentation online for more information.
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The *Grid Options* are rarely necessary unless you have specific requirements to render the resulting **Graphs** with some exotic unit.
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The *Axis Options* allow you to define a *Right Axis* and optional *Formatters*.
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The *Legend* options allow you to specify how the *Legend* should be placed on the resulting **Graph** modern RRDtool has several options that were not available in Cacti prior to Cacti 1.0.
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---
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Copyright (c) 2018 Cacti Group
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